![\"\"](\"https:\/\/yenader.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/00000000096-1024x472.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\nJeotermal enerji, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n alt y\u00fczeyinde elde edilen \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Su ve\/veya buhar jeotermal enerjiyi d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyine ta\u015f\u0131r. \u00d6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, jeotermal enerji \u0131s\u0131tma ve so\u011futma amac\u0131yla veya temiz elektrik \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Bununla birlikte, elektrik i\u00e7in, genellikle tektonik olarak aktif b\u00f6lgelere yak\u0131n konumdaki y\u00fcksek veya orta s\u0131cakl\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. <\/p>\n
Farkl\u0131 olgunluk seviyelerinde farkl\u0131 jeotermal teknolojiler vard\u0131r. B\u00f6lgesel \u0131s\u0131tma, jeotermal \u0131s\u0131 pompalar\u0131, seralar ve di\u011fer uygulamalar gibi do\u011frudan kullan\u0131mlar i\u00e7in teknolojiler yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Do\u011fal olarak y\u00fcksek ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fe sahip hidrotermal rezervuarlardan elektrik \u00fcretimi teknolojisi olgun ve g\u00fcvenilirdir. Bununla birlikte, orta s\u0131cakl\u0131k alanlar\u0131 gittik\u00e7e daha fazla kullan\u0131l\u0131yor ve jeotermal ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n bir i\u015flem ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 kapal\u0131 bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcde \u0131s\u0131tmak i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rleri yoluyla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikili \u00e7evrim teknolojisinin geli\u015fimi sayesinde elektrik \u00fcretimi veya kombine \u0131s\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcNYADA JEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji, \u00f6nemli bir yenilenebilir kaynakt\u0131r. \u0130zlanda, El Salvador, Yeni Zelanda, \u0130talya, Kenya ve Filipinler gibi \u00fclkelerde elektrik talebinin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131, \u0130zlanda’daki \u0131s\u0131tma talebinin de % 90’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 kapsar.\u00a0<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyada jeotermal enerji kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fc 2018 y\u0131l\u0131 sonu verilerine g\u00f6re 14,9 GWh d\u00fczeyinde. Jeotermal enerjiden elektrik \u00fcretiminde ilk be\u015f \u00fclke; ABD, Filipinler, Endonezya, T\u00fcrkiye ve Yeni Zelanda\u2019d\u0131r. Elektrik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m ise 70.000 MWt\u2019\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131. D\u00fcnyada do\u011frudan kullan\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131ndaki ilk 5 \u00fclke ise ABD, \u00c7in, \u0130sve\u00e7, Belarus ve Norve\u00e7\u2019tir.\u00a0D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk ve en eski jeotermal santrali \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n Toskana b\u00f6lgesinde yer al\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgedeki 34 jeotermal enerji santrali, 761 MW net kurulu kapasiteye sahip ve y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 6 TWh (terawatt) elektrik \u00fcretir. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6lge elektri\u011finin y\u00fczde 40\u2019a yak\u0131n\u0131 jeotermal enerjiden kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
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NEDEN \u00d6NEML\u0130D\u0130R?<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n
Ba\u015fl\u0131ca avantajlar\u0131, hava ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ve \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek kapasite fakt\u00f6rlerine sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenlerden dolay\u0131, jeotermal enerji santralleri, bazal y\u00fck elektri\u011fi sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, baz\u0131 durumlarda k\u0131sa ve uzun vadeli esneklik i\u00e7in yard\u0131mc\u0131 hizmetler sa\u011flama yetene\u011fine sahiptir.<\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji temiz, ucuz ve \u00e7evre dostu bir kaynakt\u0131r. Atmosferde karbon emisyonu ve hava kirlili\u011fine neden olmaz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0130zlanda\u2019da binalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 95\u2019i jeotermal enerji ile \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en temiz \u015fehirleri aras\u0131nda geliyor.\u00a0Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra jeotermal enerjiden, di\u011fer yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak y\u0131l\u0131n 365 g\u00fcn\u00fc yararlan\u0131labilir.\u00a0<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/yenader.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/00000000097-1024x594.png\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE JEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n
\u00dclkemiz jeolojik ve co\u011frafik konumu itibar\u0131 ile aktif bir tektonik ku\u015fak \u00fczerinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in jeotermal a\u00e7\u0131dan d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda zengin bir konumdad\u0131r. \u00dclkemizin her taraf\u0131na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.000 adet do\u011fal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \u015feklinde de\u011fi\u015fik s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda jeotermal kaynaklar mevcuttur.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkemizin jeotermal potansiyeli olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksektir. Potansiyel olu\u015fturan alanlar\u0131n %78’i Bat\u0131 Anadolu’da, %9\u2019u \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu’da, %7\u2019si Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde, %5’i Do\u011fu Anadolu’da ve %1’i di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde yer al\u0131r. Jeotermal kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n %90’\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve orta s\u0131cakl\u0131ktad\u0131r, do\u011frudan uygulamalar (\u0131s\u0131tma, termal turizm, \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstriyel uygulamalar vb.) i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Geri kalan %10\u2019 u ise dolayl\u0131 uygulamalar (elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi) i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/p>\n
Jeotermal kaynaklar yayg\u0131n bir kullan\u0131m alan\u0131na sahiptir. Bug\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde jeotermal enerjiden \u00fcretilen elektrikten; \u0131s\u0131tma (sera ve konut), termal ve sa\u011fl\u0131k turizmi, end\u00fcstriyel mineral eldesi, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, kurutmac\u0131l\u0131k vb. gibi alanlarda yararlan\u0131l\u0131yor. Jeotermal enerji uygulamalar\u0131nda ilk elektrik \u00fcretimi 1975 y\u0131l\u0131nda MTA Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kurulan ve 0,5 MWe g\u00fcce sahip K\u0131z\u0131ldere Santrali ile ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
JES DO\u011eRU B\u0130L\u0130NEN YANLI\u015eLAR<\/b><\/p>\n
YANLI\u015e-1: \u201cJEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130 \u00dcRET\u0130LEN B\u00d6LGELERDE YA\u015eAM ALANLARI YOK OLUYOR.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji tamamen do\u011fal bir kaynakt\u0131r. Yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131 ile elde edilen jeotermal enerji d\u00fcnyada en eski uygarl\u0131klardan bu yana kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130talya\u2019da Roma d\u00f6neminde termal havuz ve hamam olarak da kullan\u0131lan jeotermal, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala pek \u00e7ok faydas\u0131 ile d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131 ve ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyor. <\/p>\n
YANLI\u015e-2: \u201cJEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130 DEPREM\u0130 TET\u0130KL\u0130YOR.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji ile deprem ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan hem \u00fclkemizde hem de d\u00fcnyada pek \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rma bulunuyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar g\u00f6steriyor ki, \u00fclkemiz deprem ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde yer al\u0131yor ve fay hatlar\u0131ndaki hareket yakla\u015f\u0131k 13 milyon y\u0131ldan beri devam ediyor. Jeotermal \u00fcretiminin ise fay hatlar\u0131ndaki harekete hi\u00e7bir etkisi yok.<\/p>\n
YANLI\u015e-3: \u201cJEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130 YEN\u0130LENEB\u0130L\u0130R B\u0130R KAYNAK DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R, S\u00dcREKL\u0130 ENERJ\u0130 SA\u011eLAYAMAZ.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji, yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131n katmanlar\u0131ndaki magmadan, su, buhar ve s\u0131cak kayalardan temin edilen ve d\u00fcnya var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece kullan\u0131labilecek bir enerji t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, g\u00fcvenilir, \u00e7evre dostu ve yerli bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Jeotermal enerji kaynaklar\u0131, hava \u015fartlar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak 7×24 elektrik \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n
YANLI\u015e-4 \u201cJEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130DEN ELEKTR\u0130K \u00dcRETMEK \u00c7EVRE K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130NE YOL A\u00c7AR.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
Jeotermal kaynaktan elektrik \u00fcretimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda yasal gerekliliklere uyuldu\u011fu takdirde \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fine yol a\u00e7maz.<\/p>\n
YANLI\u015e-5 \u201cJEOTERMAL SANTRALLER TARIM FAAL\u0130YETLER\u0130NE VE A\u011eA\u00c7LARA ZARAR VER\u0130YOR.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji ise y\u00f6netmeliklere uygun \u00fcretildi\u011finde b\u00f6lgede bulunan do\u011fal ya\u015fama zarar vermiyor. Jeotermal enerji s\u00f6ylenenin aksine, tar\u0131m faaliyetlerinin artmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Serac\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerinde kullan\u0131lan jeotermal enerji, d\u00f6rt mevsim \u00fcr\u00fcn elde edilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jeotermal Enerji Nedir? Jeotermal enerji, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n alt y\u00fczeyinde elde edilen \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Su ve\/veya buhar jeotermal enerjiyi d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyine ta\u015f\u0131r. \u00d6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, jeotermal enerji \u0131s\u0131tma ve so\u011futma amac\u0131yla veya temiz elektrik \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Bununla birlikte, elektrik i\u00e7in, genellikle tektonik olarak aktif b\u00f6lgelere yak\u0131n konumdaki y\u00fcksek veya orta s\u0131cakl\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. Farkl\u0131 olgunluk seviyelerinde farkl\u0131 jeotermal teknolojiler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10592"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10592"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10592\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11494,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10592\/revisions\/11494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10592"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}