{"id":10538,"date":"2020-07-29T11:20:12","date_gmt":"2020-07-29T08:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yenader.org\/?page_id=10538"},"modified":"2020-08-18T11:23:14","modified_gmt":"2020-08-18T08:23:14","slug":"dunyada-ve-turkiyede-yenilebilir-enerji","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/dunyada-ve-turkiyede-yenilebilir-enerji\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyada Ve T\u00fcrkiye’de Yenilebilir Enerji"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

D\u00dcNYADA VE T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE YEN\u0130LENEB\u0130L\u0130R ENERJ\u0130<\/h2>\n

1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana gelen birinci petrol krizinin ard\u0131ndan enerjinin \u00f6nemi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri taraf\u0131ndan daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tarihten sonra \u00fclkeler enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme ve alternatif enerji kaynaklar\u0131 kullanma noktas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar atm\u0131\u015f \u00f6zellikle enerji ithal eden \u00fclkeler enerjinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kullan\u0131m\u0131 ad\u0131na \u00e7e\u015fitli politika aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7ine girmi\u015flerdir. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llara gelindi\u011finde alternatif enerji aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ivme kazanm\u0131\u015f ve yenilenebilir enerji konusun-daki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar artmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yenilenebilir enerjiyi \u201cdo\u011fal kaynaklardan elde edilebilen ve kendini s\u00fcrekli yenileyebilen bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.Yenilenebilir enerjiyi di\u011fer enerji \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zellik do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde kendisini yenileyebilmesi ve yok olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yenilenebilir enerji \u00e7e\u015fitleri \u00e7evreye zarar veren karbon sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131,yerli kaynaklar olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in ithal edilmeye ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmamas\u0131 ve bu sayede enerji konusun da d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi hususlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u201cg\u00fcne\u015f\u201d, \u201cr\u00fczgar\u201d, \u201cjeotermal\u201d, \u201chidrolik\u201d, \u201cbiyok\u00fctle\u201d, \u201cdalga\u201dve \u201chidrojen\u201d enerjileri olarak grupland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015fin bu enerji \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ana kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve bunlara dolayl\u0131 veya dolays\u0131z etkisinin bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilmektedir. Hatta fosil yak\u0131t olarak bilinen k\u00f6m\u00fcr, petrol ve do\u011falgaz da esas\u0131nda g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinin \u015fekil de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f halleridir. Bu nedenlerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc g\u00fcne\u015fi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlayabilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yenilenebilir enerji \u00e7e\u015fitleri ve bunlar\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131 listelenmektedir (Tablo 1).<\/p>\n

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Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 bu denli geni\u015f bir potansiyele sahip olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, d\u00fcnya genelinde t\u00fcketilen enerji \u00e7e\u015fitlerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk s\u0131ray\u0131 petrol almakta ard\u0131ndan s\u0131ras\u0131yla k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve do\u011falgaz gelmektedir. Yenilenebilir enerjinin toplam birincil enerji t\u00fcketimi3 i\u00e7erisindeki pay\u0131 ise sadece y\u00fczde 9,5 (hidroelektrik ve yenilenebilir toplam\u0131) kadard\u0131r (Grafik 1).<\/p>\n

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yenilenebilir enerji alan\u0131nda yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar ve teknolojik ilerlemeler sayesinde \u201ctemiz enerji\u201d de diyebilece\u011fimiz yenilenebilir enerjinin t\u00fcketim oranlar\u0131 giderek artmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda 2016 y\u0131lsonu itibar\u0131yla k\u00fcresel nihai enerji t\u00fcketimi i\u00e7erisindeki yenilenebilir enerji pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 20-21 band\u0131nda olmas\u0131 beklenirken 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise bu oran\u0131n artmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte t\u00fcketilen toplam yenilenebilir enerjinin yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u00fczde 9\u2019u geleneksel biyok\u00fctle denilen ve pi\u015firme-\u0131s\u0131nma gibi ama\u00e7lar do\u011frultusunda kullan\u0131lan enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rken y\u00fczde 10,3\u2019\u00fc ise modern yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan elde edilmektedir (Grafik 2).<\/p>\n

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Di\u011fer taraftan 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla k\u00fcresel nihai enerji t\u00fcketiminde yenilenebilir enerjinin pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 19,2 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu oran 2015 ve 2016 y\u0131llar\u0131nda da artmaya devam ederek y\u00fczde 20 band\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n nihai t\u00fcketim i\u00e7erisindeki pay\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u00fczde 79 ve n\u00fckleer enerji ise y\u00fczde 2,5 kadard\u0131r (Grafik 2). Bu durum d\u00fcnyada t\u00fcketilen enerjinin yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak be\u015fte birinin (1\/5) yenilenebilir kaynaklardan kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bunun yan\u0131nda fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n toplam nihai enerji t\u00fcketimi i\u00e7erisindeki oran\u0131 ise olduk\u00e7a fazlad\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n fosil yak\u0131tlara olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hala \u00fcst seviyelerde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen son d\u00f6nemlerde yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 10 olan modern yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ise biyok\u00fctle,jeotermal, g\u00fcne\u015f, r\u00fczgar, hidroelektrik ve biyoyak\u0131t gibi kaynaklardan elde edilen enerji \u00e7e\u015fitleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Modern yenilenebilir enerji \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin nihai enerji t\u00fcketimi i\u00e7erisindeki paylar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise \u0131s\u0131 enerji elde etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 4,2 ve hidroelektrik enerjisinin y\u00fczde 3,9 ile ilk s\u0131ralarda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] D\u00dcNYADA VE T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE YEN\u0130LENEB\u0130L\u0130R ENERJ\u0130 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana gelen birinci petrol krizinin ard\u0131ndan enerjinin \u00f6nemi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri taraf\u0131ndan daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tarihten sonra \u00fclkeler enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme ve alternatif enerji kaynaklar\u0131 kullanma noktas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar atm\u0131\u015f \u00f6zellikle enerji ithal eden \u00fclkeler enerjinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kullan\u0131m\u0131 ad\u0131na \u00e7e\u015fitli politika aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7ine girmi\u015flerdir. 2000\u2019li […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10538"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10538"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11439,"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10538\/revisions\/11439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yenader.org\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}